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How do we apply what we discover? The first challenge is to ensure that the
information we collect in survey, research, and evaluation activities represents
the people, places, and situations in which we are interested. Before collecting
new data, we often perform media and environmental scans to ascertain current conditions.
Because investigators rarely can look at all cases, we rely on sampling as we move ahead.
ICF Macro has conducted hundreds
of studies based on samples large and small, random and purposive. Our sampling
specialists identify populations, account for subgroups, and choose the right size
and type of sample to ensure that a customer’s questions are answered with a high
degree of certainty.
ICF Macro uses scientific methods to handle data at every stage of a project.
Computerized receipt control systems ensure efficient data collection activity monitoring. Databases are developed and refined to ensure data accuracy
and consistency. Trained data processors and tested systems handle confidential,
often sensitive information efficiently and securely.
What do we make of our findings? Once information is collected,
we use statistical analysis to find out how much random error the
data contain and the chance that it produced our results. At Macro, data analysis is a full-time job. Our analysts
use statistical formulas and mathematical models to discover relationships
among pieces of information, test hypotheses, and establish causes
and effects.
What
can we do without hard data? Small studies and situations where
measurement using numbers and defined categories doesn't work very
well require a different approach. Qualitative analysis relies
heavily
on the care and judgment of the investigators. Selecting samples,
collecting information, and drawing conclusions involve a special
melding of insight, flexibility, and discipline. ICF Macro complements
its abilities in data analysis with long experience and cutting-edge
methods in the analysis of results from focus groups, in-depth
interviews, and onsite investigation.
What do we do with our results? Reporting is more than a mechanical
task tacked onto the end of a study. At ICF Macro, communication
with customers is an ongoing process. Everything must be done to
ensure that the results of survey, research, and evaluation activities
are both usable and used.
For a study to be usable, we believe in
full disclosure, describing our methods completely. Detailed technical
reports cover sampling, fielding, and data collection procedures.
To be used, results must be presented to meet the needs,
style, and convenience of all audiences. At ICF Macro, we report in
various media and formats, tailoring our products to address different
interests.
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